What is the primary function of an intervertebral disc?

The primary function of an intervertebral disc is to provide cushioning and maintain water content. Intervertebral discs are situated between the vertebrae in the spinal column and consist of a gel-like center called the nucleus pulposus, surrounded by a tougher outer layer known as the annulus fibrosus. This structure allows discs to absorb shock and distribute loads during movement, contributing to the flexibility and stability of the spine. The water content in the discs is crucial, as it helps maintain their height and provides the necessary cushioning that protects the vertebrae from the stresses placed on them during daily activities.

Other functions, such as connecting vertebrae directly, producing synovial fluid, and facilitating nerve passage, are performed by other structures in the spine. The intervertebral discs do not connect vertebrae directly; this is done by the vertebral bodies that are interconnected through ligaments and joints. While the discs do play a role in overall spinal health, they do not produce synovial fluid, which is found in synovial joints. Additionally, nerve passage is facilitated by the spinal canal and the foramina, not by the intervertebral discs themselves. Thus, the cushioning and water content aspect of intervertebral discs